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Modalert online shopping guide
Modafinil /Modalert - is a eugeroic drug generally prescribed to treat narcolepsy, made by the pharmaceutical company Cephalon Inc. It is not a typical stimulant and is often described as a wakefulne.
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As of February 2007, there are at least seven English-language articles on randomized clinical trials in humans in the Medline database addressing the use of modafinil for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Some studies have shown the use of modafinil in the treatment of ADHD is associated with significant improvements in primary outcome measures. Cognitive function in ADHD patients may also improve following modafinil treatment, in some studies. Studies for ADHD report insomnia and headache were the most common adverse effects, seen in approximately 20% of treated individuals. These studies were not adequate to demonstrate that the beneficial effects of modafinil are maintained with chronic administration. Additional large, long-term studies using flexible titration methods to establish safety and efficacy and head-to-head comparisons between modafinil and stimulants are needed to determine the role of modafinil in the treatment of ADHD.[4] In December of 2004, Cephalon submitted a supplemental new drug application (sNDA) to market Sparlon, a brand name of tablets containing higher doses of modafinil (85, 170, 255, 340, and 425 mg) for the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents ages 6 through 17. However, in March 2006, the FDA advisory committee voted 12-to-1 against approval, citing concerns about a number of reported cases of skin rash reactions in a 1,000 patient trial, including one which was thought to be likely a Stevens-Johnson syndrome.[5][6] Final rejection occurred in August 2006, although subsequent follow-up indicated that the skin rash reaction was not Stevens-Johnson syndrome.[citation needed] Cephalon then decided to discontinue development of the Sparlon product for use in pediatric cases, though there is potential for use in treating Adult ADHD.
Modafinil is contraindicated for patients with a history of cardiac events. However, one 2005 case report [7] positively describes transitioning a 78 year old with "significant cardiac comorbidity" from Methylphenidate (5mg b.i.d. ) to Modanafil 200mg daily. For an adult, 10mg of Methylphenidate daily is not an effective ADHD monotherapy[citation needed], while 200mg is the Modanafil maintenance baseline.[citation needed] Thus, Modanafil's physiologic (and political) advantages over conventional ADHD therapies should not be dismissed out of hand, but rather discussed individually with a physician/neurologist or psychiatrist.
A few studies have indicated that modafinil may have an appetite reducing effect on some people, leading to weight loss. During 9-week double-blind clinical trials of 320 mg/day and 425 mg/day doses of modafinil in children suffering from ADHD, patients receiving modafinil lost an average of 1.7 kg compared to those receiving placebo.[8]
In an experimental study, the appetite reducing effect of modafinil appears to be similar to that of amphetamines, but, unlike amphetamines, the dose of modafinil that is effective at decreasing food intake does not significantly increase heart rate. The authors of the study concluded that modafinil may be well suited for the treatment of obesity and may have less adverse health consequences than some anorectic agents with a greater effectiveness.[9]
Another article, published in the Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, presented the case of a 280 pound patient (BMI= 35.52) who lost 40 pounds over the course of a year on Modafinil (to 30.44 BMI). After three years, his weight stabilized at a 50 pound weight loss(29.59 BMI). The authors conclude that placebo controlled studies should be conducted on using Modafinil as a weight loss agent.[10]
Conversely, a U.S. patent (#6,455,588) on using modafinil as an appetite stimulating agent has been filed by Cephalon in 2000.
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